抱殘守缺的差異共群

德拉尼《紅色時代廣場，憂鬱時代廣場》中的殘／酷作夥與健全國家主義

許甄倚*

摘要

An Alternative Community of Crip Attachments
Crip/Queer Collectivities and Ablenationalism in Samuel R. Delany’s Times Square Red, Times Square Blue

Jen-yi Hsu*

Abstract

傅柯權力與生命關係論述中的醫療與健康

楊志偉*

摘要

Medicine and Health in Michel Foucault’s Thoughts on the Relationships between
Power and Life

Julian Chih-Wei Yang*

Abstract

大笑益生論

幽默的生命經濟與社會身體

陳麒方*

摘要

今日風行於流行文化的「笑療法」，配合人本主義意識形態的思想遺產，已成為一個跨領域的文化工業。本文耙梳大笑養生思想的歷史文化起源，探討十八世紀生理論述如何為一個新興文化典範立基。在此體系中，「生命經濟」提供理解大笑行為的理路：藉由大笑引發的身體運動排除廢物、加速身體循環，並治療各種心疾，以促進健康。以此為基礎，「大笑益生論」試圖將個體健康平順地轉譯為社會健康，並成為文學和文化市場中自我指涉的商品：它將喜劇中反經濟的消耗、混亂轉為開懷的資源，規避其複雜社會衝突的政治文本。本文將閱讀《項狄傳》與《憨弗雷‧ 克林克出遊記》以探究是類論述在文學語言的介質中所隱含的反諷與難題。

Laughter as Therapy

The Animal Economy and the Social Body of Humor

Chi-Fang Chen*

Abstract

Laughter therapy, assisted by humanist ideologies, has become a massive cultural industry. This article traces the cultural origins of the idea of medicinal laughter in the eighteenth century, addressing the ways in which physiological discourse shaped an emergent cultural paradigm. In such system, “animal economy” laid a foundation for conceiving laughter in terms of bodily movement and circulation that were believed to promote physical and mental health. On this basis, laughter as therapy sought a smooth translation from personal health to social health. In this sense, it can be seen as a solution to the problems of comedy, transforming the waste and chaos in it into resources of mirth, while complex political texts of social conflict were sidestepped. In this way, laughter’s status as a self-referential commodity was established in the literary and cultural market. This article reads The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy and The Expedition of Humphry Clinker to investigate the ironies and conundrums of such discourses in the medium of literary language.

中國當代科幻小說中的疾病與醫療書寫

郁旭映*

摘要

科幻小說中，疾病及醫療的書寫差異折射出現代性想像所經歷的變遷。本文擬以四部醫療科幻──劉興詩〈鄉村醫生〉（1963）、葉永烈〈愛之病〉（1986）、王晉康《生死平衡》（1997）和陳楸帆〈未來病史〉（2015）──為主要例子，從中國當代科幻小說中梳理出一段粗略的疾病與醫療史。首先，「疾病」經歷了隱喻化過程：從普通的常見病，到「資本主義」特殊病，到象徵「文明衝突」的流行性病毒，再到後人類的身心變異。相應地，「醫病」的態度經歷變遷：從技術樂觀主義，到醫學人道主義，到對西方現代醫學的挑戰，再到以後人類「診斷」人類。更深層意義上，疾病敘事的變化反映了當代科幻小說中現代性想像的不同階段：社會主義現代性；從社會主義現代性到西方現代性的過渡；對於西方現代性的反思和替代性方案的尋找；以後人類角度超越現代性。在此過程中，人的主體建構方式亦發生改變：從集體主義主體性，到帶有意識形態標籤的個人主體性，到帶有文化特徵的個人主體性，再到後人類主體性的建構。

Disease and Medicine in Contemporary Chinese Science Fiction

Xuying Yu*

Abstract

Through an analysis of four works, this study delineates the history of disease and medicine in contemporary Chinese science fiction. Specifically, Liu Xingshi’s “The Village Doctor” (1963) echoes Maoist public health policies with scientific utopianism; Ye Yonglie’s “Illness of Love” (1986) expresses an anxiety about the infection of a “capitalist disease” in the era of opening up; Wang Jinkang’s Balance between Life and Death (1997) imagines the challenge of Western medicine within the framework of cultural clash; and Chen Qiufan’s “Future Disease” (2015) exposes how technology transforms human subjectivity to posthuman subjectivity. As illness is metaphorized from physical to ideological and cultural, the medical response transforms from technological optimism to medical humanitarianism, then to the challenging of modern Western medicine, and finally to the deconstruction of the “human itself. Such transformation reflects the four stages of the Chinese discourse of modernity: socialist modernity, the transition from socialist modernity to Western modernity, the critique of Western modernity and the search for an alternative, and the transcendence of modernity in the posthuman future. This process also reflects the changing representation of human subjectivity, i.e., from collective subjectivity to individual subjectivity with an ideological label, to culturalist subjectivity, and finally to posthuman subjectivity.

◎Keywords: modernity, technological optimism, medical humanism, clash of civilizations, posthuman, subjectivity

維吉妮亞‧ 吳爾芙《幕與幕之間》的技術（性）美學

郭家珍*

摘要

本篇論文從德希達閱讀佛洛伊德出發，討論吳爾芙的《幕與幕之間》如何呈現了書寫技術（性）、郵寄技術（性）與檔案技術（性）。《幕與幕之間》雖為村莊居民聚在一起觀賞英國歷史劇的小說，我們卻可觀察到上述眾多的技術（性）。首先，書寫作為痕跡，藉由括弧將自己敘述其內。其次，郵寄技術物（信件、報紙、帳單）和遠端傳輸、運輸技術物（火車、汽車、腳踏車、飛機、電話、教堂的鐘），呈現了觀眾四散而去的意識與記憶。最後，建檔的欲望（二戰前夕再現英國歷史以凝聚社群），和檔案摧毀自身的欲望（歷史劇無法呈現單一意義與最終意指），讓《幕與幕之間》實踐了德希達式的檔案技術（性）；也讓吳爾芙這部關於舞台的書寫，更深刻地帶出德希達式的書寫舞台。

Technical Aesthetics in Virginia Woolf’s Between the Acts

Chia-Chen Kuo*

Abstract

This paper starts with Jacques Derrida’s reading of Sigmund Freud, and argues that although Virginia Woolf ’s Between the Acts describes how local citizens gather together to enjoy a pageant play, three important techniques—writing, postal and archival—along with their technical objects frame this fiction. Writing as a technique weaves itself into the text and numerous technical objects used in the postal system (such as letters, newspapers and bills), while tele-communication and long-distance transportation (such as trains, cars, bicycles, airplanes, telephones and bells) render present the dispersed consciousness and recollection of the audience. Between the Acts further practices the Derridean archival technicity: the archival desire of this pageant play to represent English history before the Second World War is in a tug of war with the self-destructive desire within this textual archive so that this pageant play or Woolf ’s fiction cannot convey a unified meaning. By reading via Derrida’s concepts of the scene of writing, this paper expounds on how Between the Acts as Woolf ’s writing of scenes renders present the said three important techniques.

司各特《蓋伊‧ 曼爾寧》與高地清地運動

以吉普賽人的遭遇對照蘇格蘭高地人的苦難哀歌

邱剛彥*

摘要

瓦爾特‧ 司各特創作的絕大多數小說，皆以知名的歷史事件做為故事的背景，只有極少數，例如本文關注的《蓋伊‧ 曼爾寧》，指向當代的社會議題。《蓋伊‧ 曼爾寧》講述一群世代與蘇格蘭民眾相互依存的吉普賽人，遭到地主以社會進步之名，被迫離開家園的事件。然而上述事件所暗指的，或許是與司各特同時期，發生在蘇格蘭高地的清地運動。十八世紀中葉開始，數以萬計的高地佃農，遭地主驅離世代賴以為生的土地，取而代之的是具有更高經濟價值的黑面羊。司各特藉由這部小說批判社會現代化背離了蘇格蘭舊有的傳統，也藉著這群以梅格‧ 梅里莉絲為首的吉普賽人暗喻高地人遭受本國政府如同殖民一般的對待。《蓋伊‧ 曼爾寧》所撰寫的，是蘇格蘭的百年創傷史，此一創傷史直至今日都是研究蘇格蘭近代歷史與文學不可或缺的珍貴材料。

Walter Scott’s Guy Mannering and the Highland Clearances

From the Suffering of the Gypsies to the Elegy of the Scottish Highlanders

Kang-yen Chiu*

Abstract

Many Walter Scott’s works are historical novels. However, Guy Mannering, the focus of this paper, is among the few of Scott’s novels that deal with contemporary social issues. A main episode of the novel concerns the expulsion of gypsies whose leader is Meg Merrilies. The novel reflects on the widespread displacement of the agricultural poor particularly in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in the name of improvement. In the Highlands of Scotland those events are now well remembered as the “Highland Clearances. This process was viewed as the inexorable progress of the society, which not only altered traditional social structures but also threatened the perceived core values of Scottish society. It is this paper’s intention to reveal the significance of Meg Merrilies, who gives voice to those who are subject to the hegemony of the ruling classes. Embodying the subaltern in society, Merrilies’ story is highly suggestive of colonial deeds at home and abroad although she is often regarded as having a mere subordinate role in this novel. Guy Mannering records the trauma that rural Scotland suffered from agricultural improvement. This history is an essential and pertinent episode to those who intend to study the modern history and literature of Scotland.